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Citing Websites: Special Situations

Tutorial Home
  1. What are Citations?
  2. Citing Books
  3. Citing Articles
  4. Citing Websites
    • Special Situations
    • Blogs
  5. Other Common Sources
  6. Putting it Together
  7. In-text Citations
  8. Questions?






























Websites with no Author

Sometimes you can't find the author of the information on a website. For your citation, skip over the author's name and start your citation with the title of the section of the website you are using. Here's a citation for a website with no author:


In this case, the section you are citing is the Eyewitness Account which is part of this PBS website. For a date, the main website at the bottom reads: copyright 1999, so that is the date you can use.

When there is No Date Listed

APA Style Documentation considers date to be a very important part of the citation. For websites where you can't find a date, you need to be clear that there is no date available. Where you normally put the date in parenthesis, you need to write: (n.d.). Here's an example:


Remember: Figuring out the title, update date, and author can be difficult and the information can be interpreted in different ways. Do your best in identifying the correct information and you can always ask for help at the LMC Reference Desk!

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